{"id":4928,"date":"2024-01-19T14:33:07","date_gmt":"2024-01-19T13:33:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sto-lijecimo\/hlava-a-krk\/rakovina-krcni-mandle\/"},"modified":"2024-06-21T14:14:20","modified_gmt":"2024-06-21T12:14:20","slug":"rak-krajnika","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/hr\/sto-lijecimo\/glava-i-vrat\/rak-krajnika\/","title":{"rendered":"Rak krajnika"},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u00e1dory kr\u010dn\u00edch mandl\u00ed postihuj\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e mlad\u0161\u00ed v\u011bkov\u00e9 kategorie pacient. Incidence, tedy v\u00fdskyt, onemocn\u011bn\u00ed rapidn\u011b vzr\u016fst\u00e1, v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice je nyn\u00ed 3x vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e p\u0159ed 30 lety. Tento n\u00e1r\u016fst m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edmou souvislost s roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00edm lidsk\u00e9ho papilomaviru HPV 16, jeho\u017e p\u0159\u00edtomnost je v posledn\u00edch letech u mnoha nemocn\u00fdch potvrzena*.<\/p>\n

Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edznaky, kter\u00e9 pacienta p\u0159ivedou k l\u00e9ka\u0159i jsou:<\/span><\/h4>\n
\n
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    \n
  • bolesti v krku a u\u0161\u00edch,<\/li>\n
  • pocit ciz\u00edho t\u011blesa,<\/li>\n
  • bolestivost p\u0159i polyk\u00e1n\u00ed,<\/li>\n
  • obt\u00ed\u017ee p\u0159i polyk\u00e1n\u00ed,<\/li>\n
  • z\u00e1pach z \u00fast,<\/li>\n
  • krv\u00e1cen\u00ed z dutiny \u00fastn\u00ed,<\/li>\n
  • zdu\u0159en\u00ed na krku.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    \n
    \n

    L\u00e9\u010dba zhoubn\u00fdch n\u00e1dor\u016f oblasti hlavy a krku, tedy i kr\u010dn\u00edch mandl\u00ed, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt komplexn\u00ed a t\u00fdmov\u00e1. \u0158\u00edd\u00ed se lokalizac\u00ed prim\u00e1rn\u00edho n\u00e1doru, histologi\u00ed, rozsahem onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, celkov\u00fdm stavem pacienta.<\/p>\n

    Hlavn\u00edmi l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdmi modalitami u n\u00e1dor\u016f kr\u010dn\u00edch mandl\u00ed jsou chirurgie a radioterapie. U \u010dasn\u00fdch stadi\u00ed jsou chirurgick\u00fd z\u00e1krok \u010di radioterapie indikov\u00e1ny jako samostatn\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010debn\u00e9 modality. Pokro\u010dil\u00e1 stadia obvykle vy\u017eaduj\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbu kombinovanou (chirurgie, radioterapie, chemoterapie).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

    *Lidsk\u00fd papilomavirus se v lidsk\u00e9 populaci vyskytuje b\u011b\u017en\u011b, ale pouze u mal\u00e9 skupiny infikovan\u00fdch osob dojde k v\u00fdvoji karcinomu. Je zn\u00e1m\u00fdch v\u00edce jak 150 r\u016fzn\u00fdch podtyp\u016f, vysoce rizikov\u00fd je v\u0161ak zejm\u00e9na\u00a0 HPV16. P\u0159ekvapivou charakteristikou HPV pozitivn\u00edho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed jsou velk\u00e9 uzliny, p\u0159i relativn\u011b mal\u00e9m n\u00e1lezu prim\u00e1rn\u00edho n\u00e1doru, \u00a0tito nemocn\u00ed jsou \u010dasto v dob\u011b stanoven\u00ed diagn\u00f3zy v klinicky pokro\u010dil\u00e9m stavu onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/h6>\n
    HPV pozitivn\u00ed n\u00e1dory hlavy a krku maj\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed progn\u00f3zu ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s n\u00e1dory HPV negativn\u00edmi, l\u00e9pe reaguj\u00ed na chemoterapii a radioterapii. HPV pozitivn\u00ed n\u00e1dory maj\u00ed ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s n\u00e1dory HPV negativn\u00edmi 60-80% redukci rizika \u00famrt\u00ed.<\/h6>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    N\u00e1dory kr\u010dn\u00edch mandl\u00ed postihuj\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e mlad\u0161\u00ed v\u011bkov\u00e9 kategorie pacient. Incidence, tedy v\u00fdskyt, onemocn\u011bn\u00ed rapidn\u011b vzr\u016fst\u00e1, v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice je nyn\u00ed 3x vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e p\u0159ed 30 lety. Tento n\u00e1r\u016fst m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edmou souvislost s roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00edm lidsk\u00e9ho papilomaviru HPV 16, jeho\u017e p\u0159\u00edtomnost je v posledn\u00edch letech u mnoha nemocn\u00fdch potvrzena*. Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edznaky, kter\u00e9 pacienta p\u0159ivedou k l\u00e9ka\u0159i jsou: *Lidsk\u00fd papilomavirus se v lidsk\u00e9 populaci…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"parent":4921,"menu_order":308,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-service-detail-with-anchor-sidebar.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4928","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4928","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4928"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4928\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4946,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4928\/revisions\/4946"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4921"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4928"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}