{"id":9339,"date":"2025-09-25T05:28:17","date_gmt":"2025-09-25T03:28:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/co-liecime\/prsia\/rakovina-prsnika\/chemoterapie\/"},"modified":"2026-03-10T12:53:44","modified_gmt":"2026-03-10T11:53:44","slug":"chemoterapia","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/co-liecime\/prsia\/rakovina-prsnika\/chemoterapia\/","title":{"rendered":"Chemoterapia"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-8766 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/chemo_web-1400x492.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1400\" height=\"492\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/chemo_web-1400x492.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/chemo_web-300x106.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/chemo_web-768x270.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/chemo_web-1536x540.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/chemo_web.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>Chemoterapia: \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 lie\u010dby karcin\u00f3mu prsn\u00edka<\/h3>\n<p>Chemoterapia je jednou z&nbsp;hlavn\u00fdch met\u00f3d syst\u00e9movej lie\u010dby n\u00e1dorov\u00e9ho ochorenia. P\u00f4sob\u00ed v&nbsp;celom tele a&nbsp;jej cie\u013eom je zastavi\u0165 rast n\u00e1dorov\u00fdch buniek, spomali\u0165 ich mno\u017eenie alebo ich \u00faplne zni\u010di\u0165. V&nbsp;pr\u00edpade karcin\u00f3mu prsn\u00edka sa \u010dasto pod\u00e1va pred oper\u00e1ciou (tzv. neoadjuvantn\u00e1 lie\u010dba), kedy m\u00f4\u017ee pom\u00f4c\u0165 zmen\u0161i\u0165 n\u00e1dor, alebo po oper\u00e1cii (tzv. adjuvantn\u00e1 lie\u010dba), kedy m\u00e1 za \u00falohu odstr\u00e1ni\u0165 pr\u00edpadn\u00e9 mikroskopick\u00e9 lo\u017eisk\u00e1 n\u00e1doru a&nbsp;zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 riziko n\u00e1vratu ochorenia.<\/p>\n<p>V&nbsp;Protonovom centre je chemoterapia pl\u00e1novan\u00e1 na&nbsp;z\u00e1klade odpor\u00fa\u010dania multidisciplin\u00e1rneho t\u00edmu. V&nbsp;ka\u017edom pr\u00edpade sa usilujeme o&nbsp;to, aby lie\u010dba bola \u010do naj\u00fa\u010dinnej\u0161ia a&nbsp;z\u00e1rove\u0148 \u010do najlep\u0161ie tolerovan\u00e1.<\/p>\n<div class=\"gdc_row\">\n<div class=\"gdc_column gdc_chalf\">\n<div class=\"gdc_inner\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Priebeh chemoterapie<\/h3>\n<p>Chemoterapia sa naj\u010dastej\u0161ie pod\u00e1va vn\u00fatro\u017eilovo formou inf\u00fazie. Doba podania z\u00e1vis\u00ed od typu zvolen\u00e9ho re\u017eimu a&nbsp;pohybuje sa od nieko\u013ek\u00fdch min\u00fat po nieko\u013eko hod\u00edn. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina podan\u00ed prebieha ambulantne, v&nbsp;prostred\u00ed navrhnutom pre pokoj a&nbsp;komfort pacientok \u2013 na&nbsp;tzv. stacion\u00e1ri.<\/p>\n<h4>Ka\u017ed\u00e1 aplik\u00e1cia je:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>napl\u00e1novan\u00e1 na&nbsp;z\u00e1klade lek\u00e1rskeho konz\u00edlia,<\/li>\n<li>veden\u00e1 sk\u00fasen\u00fdm onkol\u00f3gom,<\/li>\n<li>sprev\u00e1dzan\u00e1 o\u0161etrovate\u013esk\u00fdm t\u00edmom,<\/li>\n<li>doplnen\u00e1 podpornou lie\u010dbou pod\u013ea potreby (napr. proti nevo\u013enosti).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"gdc_column gdc_chalf\">\n<div class=\"gdc_inner\">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-8771 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/chemo_web2-800x650.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"650\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Ved\u013eaj\u0161ie \u00fa\u010dinky a&nbsp;ich zvl\u00e1danie<\/h3>\n<p>Obavy z&nbsp;ved\u013eaj\u0161\u00edch \u00fa\u010dinkov chemoterapie s\u00fa be\u017en\u00e9 a&nbsp;pochopite\u013en\u00e9. Naj\u010dastej\u0161ie si pacientky vybavia stratu vlasov, nevo\u013enos\u0165 alebo zvracanie. S\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e1 onkologick\u00e1 lie\u010dba v\u0161ak pon\u00faka rad mo\u017enost\u00ed, ako tieto ne\u017eiaduce prejavy zmierni\u0165 alebo im pred\u00eds\u0165.<\/p>\n<h4>Nevo\u013enos\u0165 a&nbsp;zvracanie:<\/h4>\n<p>Modern\u00e9 podporn\u00e9 lieky (tzv. antiemetik\u00e1) s\u00fa dnes vysoko \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina pacientok popisuje, \u017ee obavy z&nbsp;nevo\u013enosti boli v\u00fdrazne hor\u0161ie ako skuto\u010dn\u00fd priebeh.<\/p>\n<h4>\u00danava:<\/h4>\n<p>\u00danava patr\u00ed medzi \u010dast\u00e9, ale zvl\u00e1dnute\u013en\u00e9 prejavy. Pom\u00e1ha nastavenie realistick\u00e9ho denn\u00e9ho re\u017eimu, pravideln\u00fd odpo\u010dinok aj \u00faprava fyzickej aktivity pod\u013ea aktu\u00e1lnej kond\u00edcie.<\/p>\n<h4>Zmeny krvn\u00e9ho obrazu:<\/h4>\n<p>Po\u010das lie\u010dby pravidelne sledujeme krvn\u00e9 hodnoty. V&nbsp;pr\u00edpade potreby pod\u00e1vame podporn\u00e9 lieky na&nbsp;stimul\u00e1ciu krvotvorby, ktor\u00e9 zni\u017euj\u00fa riziko komplik\u00e1ci\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h4>Strata vlasov<\/h4>\n<p>Pri niektor\u00fdch re\u017eimoch m\u00f4\u017ee d\u00f4js\u0165 k&nbsp;do\u010dasnej strate vlasov. V&nbsp;Protonovom centre pon\u00fakame mo\u017enos\u0165 pou\u017eitia chladiacej \u010diapky Paxman, ktor\u00e1 v\u00fdrazne zni\u017euje riziko vypad\u00e1vania vlasov. Podrobnosti o&nbsp;tejto met\u00f3de n\u00e1jdete ni\u017e\u0161ie.<\/p>\n<h4>Zmeny tr\u00e1venia, chute a&nbsp;slizn\u00edc<\/h4>\n<p>Pacientky informujeme o&nbsp;mo\u017en\u00fdch zmen\u00e1ch a&nbsp;odpor\u00fa\u010dame vhodn\u00e9 \u00fapravy jed\u00e1lni\u010dka.<\/p>\n<h4>Psychick\u00e1 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e a&nbsp;\u00fazkos\u0165<\/h4>\n<p>Cie\u013eom nie je len aplikova\u0165 lie\u010dbu, ale previes\u0165 pacientku cel\u00fdm procesom bezpe\u010dne a&nbsp;s&nbsp;re\u0161pektom ku v\u0161etk\u00fdm jej potreb\u00e1m \u2013 fyzick\u00fdm aj psychick\u00fdm.<\/p>\n<div class=\"gdc_row\">\n<div class=\"gdc_column gdc_chalf\">\n<div class=\"gdc_inner\">\n<h3>Pr\u00edprava na&nbsp;chemoterapiu a&nbsp;obdobie medzi cyklami<\/h3>\n<p>Na&nbsp;podanie chemoterapie nie je potrebn\u00e1 \u017eiadna zlo\u017eit\u00e1 pr\u00edprava. Odpor\u00fa\u010dame pohodln\u00e9 oble\u010denie, \u013eahk\u00e9 jedlo pred pr\u00edchodom a&nbsp;vzia\u0165 si so sebou tekutiny. Chemoterapia sa zvy\u010dajne pod\u00e1va v&nbsp;nieko\u013ek\u00fdch cykloch s&nbsp;odstupmi jedn\u00e9ho a\u017e troch t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov. V&nbsp;t\u00fdchto medziobdobiach sa telo regeneruje a&nbsp;obnovuje zdrav\u00e9 bunky.<\/p>\n<p>Ka\u017ed\u00fd pacient pre\u017e\u00edva lie\u010dbu individu\u00e1lne \u2013 zatia\u013e \u010do niekto potrebuje viac pokoja, in\u00fd pokra\u010duje v&nbsp;be\u017en\u00fdch aktivit\u00e1ch. Reakcie sa m\u00f4\u017eu l\u00ed\u0161i\u0165 aj medzi jednotliv\u00fdmi cyklami. Lek\u00e1r s&nbsp;vami vopred preberie pl\u00e1n lie\u010dby \u2013 ak\u00e9 lieky budete dost\u00e1va\u0165, ak\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 ich \u017eiaduce aj ne\u017eiaduce \u00fa\u010dinky a&nbsp;ako ich budete rie\u0161i\u0165. Jednotliv\u00e9 cykly chemoterapie sa v&nbsp;priebehu lie\u010dby m\u00f4\u017eu upravova\u0165 pod\u013ea v\u00e1\u0161ho aktu\u00e1lneho stavu, najm\u00e4 na&nbsp;z\u00e1klade laborat\u00f3rnych v\u00fdsledkov. Medzi jednotliv\u00fdmi cyklami zost\u00e1vate v&nbsp;kontakte s&nbsp;na\u0161\u00edm t\u00edmom. Vykon\u00e1vame pravideln\u00e9 kontroly, sledujeme krvn\u00fd obraz aj v\u00e1\u0161 celkov\u00fd zdravotn\u00fd stav.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"gdc_column gdc_chalf\">\n<div class=\"gdc_inner\">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-8776 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/sestricka_web-800x650.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"650\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Chemoterapia ako s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 komplexnej lie\u010dby karcin\u00f3mu prsn\u00edka<\/h3>\n<p>Lie\u010dba karcin\u00f3mu prsn\u00edka je dnes vysoko individualizovan\u00e1 a&nbsp;jej podoba sa ur\u010duje pod\u013ea typu n\u00e1doru, jeho biologick\u00fdch charakterist\u00edk a&nbsp;celkov\u00e9ho zdravotn\u00e9ho stavu pacientky. Chemoterapia je jedn\u00fdm z&nbsp;k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch n\u00e1strojov lie\u010dby rakoviny prsn\u00edka, ale z\u010faleka nie jedin\u00fdm. Do lie\u010dby vstupuj\u00fa aj chirurgick\u00e9 z\u00e1kroky, hormon\u00e1lna terapia, biologick\u00e1 lie\u010dba alebo r\u00e1dioterapia.<\/p>\n<h4>Mo\u017en\u00e9 \u00falohy chemoterapie v&nbsp;r\u00e1mci lie\u010dby:<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Pred oper\u00e1ciou (neoadjuvantn\u00e1 lie\u010dba)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pom\u00e1ha zmen\u0161i\u0165 n\u00e1dor a&nbsp;u\u013eah\u010di\u0165 tak chirurgick\u00fd z\u00e1krok. V&nbsp;niektor\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch m\u00f4\u017ee umo\u017eni\u0165 \u0161etrnej\u0161iu oper\u00e1ciu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Po oper\u00e1cii (adjuvantn\u00e1 lie\u010dba)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Cie\u013eom je odstr\u00e1ni\u0165 pr\u00edpadn\u00e9 mikroskopick\u00e9 lo\u017eisk\u00e1 n\u00e1dorov\u00fdch buniek a&nbsp;zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 riziko n\u00e1vratu ochorenia.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pri pokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00edch form\u00e1ch ochorenia<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>V&nbsp;t\u00fdchto pr\u00edpadoch m\u00f4\u017ee chemoterapia spomali\u0165 postup choroby, zmierni\u0165 pr\u00edznaky a&nbsp;pred\u013a\u017ei\u0165 dobu kvalitn\u00e9ho \u017eivota.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/novinky\/chemoterapie-pro-pacientky-s-karcinomem-prsu\/attachment\/cepice_web\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-8861 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/cepice_web.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"633\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/cepice_web.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/cepice_web-300x106.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/cepice_web-1400x492.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/cepice_web-768x270.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/cepice_web-1536x540.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Ochrana vlasov po\u010das chemoterapie: chladiaca \u010diapka Paxman<\/h3>\n<p>Strata vlasov patr\u00ed medzi ved\u013eaj\u0161ie \u00fa\u010dinky niektor\u00fdch typov chemoterapie. Pre mnoh\u00e9 \u017eeny je to jeden z&nbsp;naj\u0165a\u017e\u0161\u00edch momentov lie\u010dby \u2013 okamih, kedy sa ochorenie st\u00e1va navonok vidite\u013en\u00fdm. Dnes v\u0161ak existuje met\u00f3da, ktor\u00e1 m\u00f4\u017ee tento dopad v\u00fdrazne zmierni\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>V&nbsp;Protonovom centre pon\u00fakame pacientkam mo\u017enos\u0165 pou\u017eitia chladiacej \u010diapky Paxman \u2013 overen\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, ktor\u00fd pom\u00e1ha zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 riziko vypad\u00e1vania vlasov po\u010das chemoterapie.<\/p>\n<h4>Ako syst\u00e9m funguje<\/h4>\n<p>Chladiaca \u010diapka spoma\u013euje prekrvenie poko\u017eky hlavy po\u010das podania chemoterapie. V\u010faka tomu sa zni\u017euje mno\u017estvo cytostatika, ktor\u00e9 sa dostane k&nbsp;vlasov\u00fdm korienkom, a&nbsp;t\u00fdm aj riziko ich po\u0161kodenia. Pou\u017eitie je bezpe\u010dn\u00e9, neinvaz\u00edvne a&nbsp;nevy\u017eaduje \u017eiadnu zvl\u00e1\u0161tnu pr\u00edpravu.<\/p>\n<h4>Priebeh proced\u00fary<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Chladenie za\u010d\u00edna pribli\u017ene 30 min\u00fat pred samotnou inf\u00faziou.<\/li>\n<li>Pokra\u010duje po\u010das podania chemoterapie a&nbsp;pribli\u017ene 60 a\u017e 90 min\u00fat po jej skon\u010den\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Cel\u00fd proces prebieha na&nbsp;stacion\u00e1ri, bez nutnosti presunov.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina pacientok popisuje prv\u00e9 nasadenie \u010diapky ako chladiv\u00fd pocit, na&nbsp;ktor\u00fd si v&nbsp;priebehu nieko\u013ek\u00fdch min\u00fat zvykne. Cel\u00fd proces prebieha v&nbsp;pokojnom prostred\u00ed s&nbsp;podporou vy\u0161kolen\u00e9ho person\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n<h4>Psychologick\u00fd pr\u00ednos<\/h4>\n<p>Zachovanie vlasov po\u010das lie\u010dby m\u00e1 pre mnoho \u017eien v\u00fdrazn\u00fd vplyv na&nbsp;psychiku. M\u00f4\u017ee zmierni\u0165 stres, podpori\u0165 pocit kontroly nad&nbsp;situ\u00e1ciou a&nbsp;u\u013eah\u010di\u0165 soci\u00e1lny kontakt. Ponuka syst\u00e9mu Paxman je preto neoddelite\u013enou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou na\u0161ej snahy o&nbsp;komplexn\u00fd a&nbsp;citliv\u00fd pr\u00edstup k&nbsp;lie\u010dbe a&nbsp;udr\u017eanie kvality v\u00e1\u0161ho \u017eivota aj v&nbsp;priebehu lie\u010dby.<\/p>\n<h4>Cena za jednu aplik\u00e1ciu je 500&nbsp;K\u010d.<\/h4>\n<p>Pacientky maj\u00fa od zdravotnej pois\u0165ovne n\u00e1rok na&nbsp;pr\u00edspevok na&nbsp;onkologick\u00fa starostlivos\u0165 vo v\u00fd\u0161ke nieko\u013ek\u00fdch tis\u00edc, viac inform\u00e1ci\u00ed n\u00e1jdete tu. Aktu\u00e1lne znenie podmienok \u010derpania si, pros\u00edm, overte u&nbsp;svojej zdravotnej pois\u0165ovne!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chemoterapia: \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 lie\u010dby karcin\u00f3mu prsn\u00edka Chemoterapia je jednou z&nbsp;hlavn\u00fdch met\u00f3d syst\u00e9movej lie\u010dby n\u00e1dorov\u00e9ho ochorenia. P\u00f4sob\u00ed v&nbsp;celom tele a&nbsp;jej cie\u013eom je zastavi\u0165 rast n\u00e1dorov\u00fdch buniek, spomali\u0165 ich mno\u017eenie alebo ich \u00faplne zni\u010di\u0165. V&nbsp;pr\u00edpade karcin\u00f3mu prsn\u00edka sa \u010dasto pod\u00e1va pred oper\u00e1ciou (tzv. neoadjuvantn\u00e1 lie\u010dba), kedy m\u00f4\u017ee pom\u00f4c\u0165 zmen\u0161i\u0165 n\u00e1dor, alebo po oper\u00e1cii (tzv. adjuvantn\u00e1 lie\u010dba), kedy&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":8770,"parent":3321,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-service-detail-with-sidebar.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9339","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9339","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9339"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9339\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9345,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9339\/revisions\/9345"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3321"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8770"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9339"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}