{"id":3588,"date":"2024-06-13T11:03:53","date_gmt":"2024-06-13T09:03:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/?p=3588"},"modified":"2024-06-13T11:03:53","modified_gmt":"2024-06-13T09:03:53","slug":"druhy-liecby-rakoviny-prostaty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/blog\/druhy-liecby-rakoviny-prostaty\/","title":{"rendered":"Druhy lie\u010dby rakoviny prostaty"},"content":{"rendered":"

Karcin\u00f3m prostaty sa lie\u010di nieko\u013ek\u00fdmi sp\u00f4sobmi, pri\u010dom v\u00fdber lie\u010debnej met\u00f3dy z\u00e1vis\u00ed na viacer\u00fdch faktoroch:<\/p>\n

\n
\n

\u0161t\u00e1diu a\u202fklasifik\u00e1cii karcin\u00f3mu, celkov\u00e9mu zdravotn\u00e9mu stavu chor\u00e9ho a\u202fv\u202fneposlednom rade aj na \u017eelan\u00ed pacienta.<\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd zo sp\u00f4sobov lie\u010dby m\u00e1 samozrejme svoje klady aj z\u00e1pory a\u202fka\u017ed\u00fd je tie\u017e vhodn\u00fd pre in\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1dium choroby. Rozdielny je aj dopad lie\u010dby na celkov\u00fd zdravotn\u00fd stav pacienta, rovnako ako aj mo\u017en\u00e9 ved\u013eaj\u0161ie \u00fa\u010dinky, ktor\u00e9 sa m\u00f4\u017eu po absolvovan\u00ed lie\u010dby prejavi\u0165. Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa teda konkr\u00e9tne mo\u017enosti lie\u010dby karcin\u00f3mu prostaty?<\/p>\n

Akt\u00edvne pozorovanie<\/h2>\n

U\u202fniektor\u00fdch m\u00e1lo rizikov\u00fdch pacientov, \u010dasto star\u0161\u00edch, ktor\u00fdch n\u00e1dor je rozmerovo mal\u00fd, obmedzen\u00fd len na \u017e\u013eazu, s\u202fn\u00edzkym stup\u0148om agresivity (Gleasonove sk\u00f3re je ni\u017e\u0161ie ako 6) a\u202fdobre diferencovan\u00fd, sa pristupuje na met\u00f3du takzvan\u00e9ho akt\u00edvneho pozorovania. T\u00e1 pozost\u00e1va z\u202ftoho, \u017ee pacient dostane harmonogram kontrol u\u202flek\u00e1ra, ktor\u00fd pacienta pravidelne pozoruje a\u202fkontroluje jeho hladinu PSA. Pokia\u013e by sa karcin\u00f3m zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161oval, je pacientovi odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00e1 \u010fal\u0161ia met\u00f3da lie\u010dby.<\/p>\n

Oper\u00e1cia alebo radik\u00e1lna prostatekt\u00f3mia<\/h2>\n

Radik\u00e1lna prostatekt\u00f3mia pozost\u00e1va v\u202fchirurgickom odstr\u00e1nen\u00ed celej prostaty a\u202frob\u00ed sa u\u202fpacientov, ktor\u00ed s\u00fa inak v\u202fdobrom zdravotnom stave, ktor\u00ed netrpia \u017eiadnou inou chorobou. Oper\u00e1cia sa d\u00e1 robi\u0165 tromi r\u00f4znymi sp\u00f4sobmi:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Otvorenie, teda invaz\u00edvnou cestou,<\/li>\n
  • Laparoskopicky,<\/li>\n
  • Pomocou robotick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Napriek pokro\u010dil\u00fdm technol\u00f3gi\u00e1m modern\u00e9ho lek\u00e1rstva m\u00e1 oper\u00e1cia \u017eia\u013e v\u202fdlhodobej\u0161om h\u013eadisku \u010dasto negat\u00edvny dopad na be\u017en\u00fd \u017eivot pacienta. Objavuje sa porucha udr\u017eania mo\u010du, ktor\u00e1 je a\u017e u\u202f20 % operovan\u00fdch trval\u00e1. \u010eal\u0161\u00edm \u010dast\u00fdm negat\u00edvnym d\u00f4sledkom oper\u00e1cie je i\u202fporucha erekcie, ktor\u00fa v\u202fr\u00f4znom stupni poci\u0165uje a\u017e 80 % operovan\u00fdch pacientov.<\/p>\n

    R\u00e1dioterapia<\/h2>\n

    R\u00e1dioterapia je v\u00fdznamnou a\u202f\u00fa\u010dinnou lie\u010debnou met\u00f3dou karcin\u00f3mu prostaty. Aj lie\u010dba \u017eiaren\u00edm sa d\u00e1 realizova\u0165 r\u00f4znymi sp\u00f4sobmi:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • brachyterapiou, kedy s\u00fa r\u00e1dioakt\u00edvne zrn\u00e1 cez ko\u017eu aplikovan\u00e9 priamo do miesta n\u00e1doru,<\/li>\n
    • fot\u00f3nov\u00fa alebo konven\u010dn\u00fa r\u00e1dioterapiu<\/li>\n
    • a\u202fprot\u00f3nov\u00fa r\u00e1dioterapiu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Preva\u017en\u00e1 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina pacientov s\u202fkarcin\u00f3mom prostaty v\u0161ak podstupuje jeden z\u202fdvoch typov vonkaj\u0161ej r\u00e1dioterapie (teda fot\u00f3nov\u00fa alebo prot\u00f3nov\u00fa). V\u202fpr\u00edpade konven\u010dnej fot\u00f3novej r\u00e1dioterapie ale st\u00e1le existuje riziko nepr\u00edjemn\u00fdch ved\u013eaj\u0161\u00edch \u00fa\u010dinkov: poruchy erekcie sa objavuje a\u017e u\u202f20 % pacientov, rovnako ako inkontinencia.<\/p>\n

      Prot\u00f3nov\u00e1 r\u00e1dioterapia m\u00e1 v\u010faka presn\u00e9mu zameraniu o\u017earovan\u00e9ho l\u00fa\u010da ved\u013eaj\u0161ie \u00fa\u010dinky u\u202f\u00fapln\u00e9ho minima pacientov: riziko erektilnej dysfunkcie je u\u202fprot\u00f3novej lie\u010dby zn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 na 3 % a\u202friziko inkontinencie dokonca iba na 1 %.<\/p>\n

      Hormon\u00e1lna terapia<\/h2>\n

      K\u202fhormon\u00e1lnej terapii, ktor\u00e1 pozost\u00e1va v\u202fzastaven\u00ed tvorby testoster\u00f3nu, resp. v\u202fobmedzen\u00ed jeho p\u00f4sobenia na bunky prostaty, sa pristupuje u\u202fpacientov v\u202fpokro\u010dilom \u0161t\u00e1diu choroby. Hormon\u00e1lna lie\u010dba nie je u\u202fkarcin\u00f3mu prostaty kurat\u00edvnou lie\u010debnou met\u00f3dou, v\u0161ak umo\u017e\u0148uje kontrolu n\u00e1doru a\u202fdobr\u00fa kvalitu \u017eivota po dlh\u00e9 obdobie.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Karcin\u00f3m prostaty sa lie\u010di nieko\u013ek\u00fdmi sp\u00f4sobmi, pri\u010dom v\u00fdber lie\u010debnej met\u00f3dy z\u00e1vis\u00ed na viacer\u00fdch faktoroch: \u0161t\u00e1diu a\u202fklasifik\u00e1cii karcin\u00f3mu, celkov\u00e9mu zdravotn\u00e9mu stavu chor\u00e9ho a\u202fv\u202fneposlednom rade aj na \u017eelan\u00ed pacienta. Ka\u017ed\u00fd zo sp\u00f4sobov lie\u010dby m\u00e1 samozrejme svoje klady aj z\u00e1pory a\u202fka\u017ed\u00fd je tie\u017e vhodn\u00fd pre in\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1dium choroby. Rozdielny je aj dopad lie\u010dby na celkov\u00fd zdravotn\u00fd stav pacienta, rovnako ako aj…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":2953,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3588","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3588","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3588"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3588\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3589,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3588\/revisions\/3589"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2953"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3588"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3588"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3588"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}