{"id":3599,"date":"2024-06-14T10:45:35","date_gmt":"2024-06-14T08:45:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/?p=3599"},"modified":"2024-06-14T10:45:35","modified_gmt":"2024-06-14T08:45:35","slug":"rakovina-organov-v-oblasti-hlavy-a-krku-ake-su-priznaky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/blog\/rakovina-organov-v-oblasti-hlavy-a-krku-ake-su-priznaky\/","title":{"rendered":"Rakovina org\u00e1nov v oblasti hlavy a krku: ak\u00e9 s\u00fa pr\u00edznaky?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Rakovina org\u00e1nov v oblasti hlavy a krku nie je mo\u017eno naj\u010dastej\u0161ie n\u00e1dorov\u00e9 ochorenie, ale to neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee by bolo menej z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9.<\/p>\n

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Probl\u00e9m je tu op\u00e4\u0165 v tom, \u017ee mnoh\u00ed pacienti podce\u0148uj\u00fa prv\u00e9 pr\u00edznaky choroby a k lek\u00e1rovi sa tak dostan\u00fa a\u017e vo chv\u00edli, ke\u010f je choroba u\u017e v pokro\u010dilom \u0161t\u00e1diu.<\/p>\n

\u0160pecifik\u00e1cie org\u00e1nov oblasti hlavy a krku<\/h2>\n

Org\u00e1ny, ktor\u00e9 sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa v oblasti hlavy a krku nie je v\u00f4bec m\u00e1lo. Pod t\u00fdmto pojmom sa skr\u00fdva d\u00fdchacie aj preh\u013atacie \u00fastrojenstvo, dutina \u00fastna i nos, hltan a hrtan, slinn\u00e9 \u017e\u013eazy a oblas\u0165 okolo o\u010d\u00ed i u\u0161\u00ed. Patria sem aj ko\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1dory, lokalizovan\u00e9 v oblasti hlavy a krku. Vzh\u013eadom na pomerne bl\u00edzko pri sebe umiestnen\u00fdm d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdm org\u00e1nom a zmyslov\u00fdm centr\u00e1m je viac ako nevyhnutn\u00e9, aby bola lie\u010dba t\u00fdchto n\u00e1dorov \u010do naj\u0161etrnej\u0161ie a najpresnej\u0161ie zameran\u00e1. Prot\u00f3nov\u00e1 lie\u010dba je na tento \u00fa\u010del t\u00fdm p\u00e1dom ako stvoren\u00e1. Presnos\u0165 zameranie ceruzkov\u00e9ho zv\u00e4zku je nato\u013eko dokonal\u00e1, \u017ee sa v porovnan\u00ed s konven\u010dnou fot\u00f3nov\u00fa terapiou zni\u017euje riziko o\u017eiarenia zdrav\u00fdch tkan\u00edv vr\u00e1tane miechy a\u017e o 80%.<\/p>\n

Kto m\u00f4\u017ee ochorie\u0165 a ak\u00e9 s\u00fa rizikov\u00e9 faktory<\/h2>\n

Rakovinou org\u00e1nov v oblasti hlavy a krku ochorej\u00fa \u010dastej\u0161ie mu\u017ei ako \u017eeny a v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina pacientov (60%) m\u00e1 viac ako 65 rokov. Ve\u013ek\u00fd vplyv na vznik karcin\u00f3mov m\u00e1 v tomto pr\u00edpade \u017eivotn\u00fd \u0161t\u00fdl dan\u00e9ho jedinca, spolo\u010dne s jeho okolit\u00fdm prostred\u00edm. Najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed rizikov\u00fd faktor predstavuje faj\u010denie, a to ako cigariet, tak i fajky, a dokonca aj \u017euvanie tabaku. Na druhom mieste je potom zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 konzum\u00e1cia alkoholu. V\u00f4bec najhor\u0161ie d\u00f4sledky m\u00e1 potom spojenie oboch spom\u00ednan\u00fdch zlozvykov dohromady.<\/p>\n

\u010eal\u0161ie rizikov\u00e9 faktory, prispievaj\u00face k rakovinov\u00e9mu bujneniu s\u00fa:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Dlhodob\u00e9 a \u010dast\u00e9 opa\u013eovanie bez pou\u017eitia ochrann\u00e9ho kr\u00e9mu,<\/li>\n
  • infekcie pohlavne prenosn\u00fdm HPV v\u00edrusom (\u013eudsk\u00fd papilomav\u00edrus),<\/li>\n
  • infek\u010dn\u00e1 mononukle\u00f3za,<\/li>\n
  • zl\u00e1 \u00fastna hygiena,<\/li>\n
  • dedi\u010dnos\u0165,<\/li>\n
  • nedostato\u010dn\u00e1 alebo chudobn\u00e1 v\u00fd\u017eiva,<\/li>\n
  • kontakt s karcinog\u00e9nnymi l\u00e1tkami, napr\u00edklad v r\u00e1mci zamestnania (nikel, chr\u00f3m, olovo, azbest, flu\u00f3r, arz\u00e9n, uh\u013eovod\u00edky v sadziach, dechtu a priemyseln\u00fdch olejoch).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Kedy by ste mali \u00eds\u0165 k lek\u00e1rovi<\/h2>\n

    Tak ako u in\u00fdch typov rakoviny plat\u00ed aj tu, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm sk\u00f4r sa pr\u00edde na ochorenie, t\u00fdm vy\u0161\u0161ie s\u00fa aj \u0161ance na \u00fapln\u00e9 vylie\u010denie. Nebojte sa preto konzultova\u0165 so svoj\u00edm lek\u00e1rom, ak sa objavia u v\u00e1s niektor\u00fd z sprievodn\u00fdch sympt\u00f3mov:<\/p>\n

    N\u00e1dory dutiny \u00fastnej sa zvy\u010dajne prejavuj\u00fa neustupuj\u00facimi bolestiv\u00fdmi vredmi, pr\u00edpadne hr\u010dkou v \u00fastach.<\/p>\n

    N\u00e1dory hltanu maj\u00fa za n\u00e1sledok pocit cudzieho telesa v krku, zhor\u0161en\u00e9 alebo bolestiv\u00e9 preh\u013atanie, pr\u00edpadne aj krv\u00e1canie.<\/p>\n

    Karcin\u00f3m hlasiviek sa prejavuje chrapotom.<\/p>\n

    N\u00e1dory nosa sa m\u00f4\u017eu prejavova\u0165 zhor\u0161enou priechodnos\u0165ou, ale aj zv\u00fd\u0161enou sekr\u00e9ciou, \u010dasto s pr\u00edmesou krvi, pr\u00edpadne stratou \u010duchu. Tieto pr\u00edznaky sa v pr\u00edpade n\u00e1doru \u010dasto prejavuj\u00fa iba na jednej strane nosa.<\/p>\n

    Karcin\u00f3m slinn\u00fdch \u017eliaz sa m\u00f4\u017ee spo\u010diatku prejavi\u0165 ako bezbolestn\u00e9 zdurenie. V d\u00f4sledku rastu n\u00e1doru nesk\u00f4r narast\u00e1 aj bolestivos\u0165 a \u010dasto doch\u00e1dza aj k obrne tv\u00e1re, strate citlivosti alebo poklesu k\u00fatika \u00fast.<\/p>\n

    N\u00e1dor ucha sa prejavuje dlhodob\u00fdm v\u00fdtokom z ucha, ktor\u00fd \u010dasto obsahuje krv. Medzi \u010fal\u0161ie pr\u00edznaky patr\u00ed aj boles\u0165 ucha, nedosl\u00fdchavos\u0165 alebo z\u00e1vraty.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Rakovina org\u00e1nov v oblasti hlavy a krku nie je mo\u017eno naj\u010dastej\u0161ie n\u00e1dorov\u00e9 ochorenie, ale to neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee by bolo menej z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9. Probl\u00e9m je tu op\u00e4\u0165 v tom, \u017ee mnoh\u00ed pacienti podce\u0148uj\u00fa prv\u00e9 pr\u00edznaky choroby a k lek\u00e1rovi sa tak dostan\u00fa a\u017e vo chv\u00edli, ke\u010f je choroba u\u017e v pokro\u010dilom \u0161t\u00e1diu. \u0160pecifik\u00e1cie org\u00e1nov oblasti hlavy a krku Org\u00e1ny, ktor\u00e9 sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa v oblasti hlavy…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":2828,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3599","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3599","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3599"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3599\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3600,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3599\/revisions\/3600"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2828"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3599"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3599"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3599"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}