{"id":3601,"date":"2024-06-14T10:46:57","date_gmt":"2024-06-14T08:46:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/?p=3601"},"modified":"2024-06-14T10:46:57","modified_gmt":"2024-06-14T08:46:57","slug":"rakovina-prsnika-ake-su-priznaky-a-ako-na-prevenciu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/blog\/rakovina-prsnika-ake-su-priznaky-a-ako-na-prevenciu\/","title":{"rendered":"Rakovina prsn\u00edka: ak\u00e9 s\u00fa pr\u00edznaky a&nbsp;ako na&nbsp;prevenciu?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Rakovina prsn\u00edka patr\u00ed medzi naj\u010dastej\u0161ie n\u00e1dorov\u00e9 ochorenia \u017eien, ale postihuje aj mu\u017eov.<\/p>\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col\">\n<p>Pri v\u010dasnej lie\u010dbe je tu ve\u013ek\u00e1 n\u00e1dej na&nbsp;\u00fapln\u00e9 vylie\u010denie: nepodce\u0148ujte preto prevenciu, samovy\u0161etrenie ani pravideln\u00e9 kontroly u&nbsp;lek\u00e1ra.<\/p>\n<p>Aj napriek mas\u00edvnym osvetov\u00fdm kampaniam st\u00e1le mnoho \u017eien zanedb\u00e1va samovy\u0161etrenie prsn\u00edka, alebo podlieha r\u00f4znym myln\u00fdm inform\u00e1ci\u00e1m: napr\u00edklad, \u017ee rakovinu prsn\u00edka m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 fyzick\u00fd \u00faraz. To samozrejme nie je pravda.<\/p>\n<h2>Pr\u00ed\u010diny vzniku rakoviny prsn\u00edka<\/h2>\n<p>Presn\u00e9 pr\u00ed\u010diny vzniku <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/liecba-rakoviny\/prsia\/?backlink=1wnlo\">rakoviny prsn\u00edka<\/a> nie s\u00fa dosia\u013e \u00faplne jasn\u00e9. Existuj\u00fa v\u0161ak ur\u010dit\u00e9 faktory, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu riziko vzniku rakoviny prsn\u00edka negat\u00edvne ovplyvni\u0165. Hlavn\u00fdm z&nbsp;nich je vek, kedy sa po \u0161tyridsiatke riziko ochorenia zvy\u0161uje (hoci nie s\u00fa v\u00fdnimkou ani mlad\u0161ie \u017eeny, ktor\u00e9 rakovinou prsn\u00edka ochoreli). Okrem veku s\u00fa to napr\u00edklad:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Genetick\u00e1 dispoz\u00edcia (ak m\u00e1te v&nbsp;rodinnej anamn\u00e9ze n\u00e1dorov\u00e9 ochorenia),<\/li>\n<li>nadmern\u00e1 konzum\u00e1cia alkoholu,<\/li>\n<li>nadv\u00e1ha (najm\u00e4 vtedy, kedy sa v\u00e1m tuky ukladaj\u00fa v&nbsp;oblasti brucha),<\/li>\n<li>prv\u00e1 men\u0161tru\u00e1cia u\u017e pred 12.&nbsp;rokom \u017eivota,<\/li>\n<li>p\u00f4rod prv\u00e9ho die\u0165a\u0165a a\u017e po 30.&nbsp;roku \u017eivota,<\/li>\n<li>bezdetnos\u0165,<\/li>\n<li>menopauza a\u017e po 55.&nbsp;roku \u017eivota,<\/li>\n<li>dlhodob\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edvanie hormon\u00e1lnej substitu\u010dnej terapie v&nbsp;obdob\u00ed menopauzy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Pr\u00edznaky rakoviny prsn\u00edka<\/h2>\n<p>Aj v&nbsp;pr\u00edpade, \u017ee e\u0161te nepatr\u00edte do rizikovej vekovej skupiny, mala by ste svojim prsiam venova\u0165 pozornos\u0165 a&nbsp;pr\u00edpadn\u00e9 nezvykl\u00e9 zmeny v&nbsp;ich tvare alebo \u0161trukt\u00fare ihne\u010f konzultova\u0165 so svoj\u00edm gynekol\u00f3gom. Jedenkr\u00e1t za mesiac by ste mala vykon\u00e1va\u0165 vy\u0161etrenia pohmatom a&nbsp;poh\u013eadom do zrkadla, \u010di sa u&nbsp;v\u00e1s neprejavuje niektor\u00fd z&nbsp;nasleduj\u00facich pr\u00edznakov:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hr\u010dka, \u010di u\u017e priamo v&nbsp;prsn\u00edku alebo v&nbsp;podpazu\u0161\u00ed,<\/li>\n<li>ak\u00e9ko\u013evek zmeny \u010do do ve\u013ekosti \u010di tvaru prsn\u00edkov,<\/li>\n<li>za\u010dervenan\u00e1 \u010di inak sfarben\u00e1 ko\u017ea a&nbsp;n\u00e1hle \u017eilky na&nbsp;prsiach,<\/li>\n<li>boles\u0165 dlhodobej\u0161ieho charakteru a&nbsp;bez zjavn\u00fdch pr\u00ed\u010din,<\/li>\n<li>zmeny na&nbsp;bradavke: nepravidelnos\u0165 tvaru, splo\u0161tenie, vtiahnutie \u010di v\u00fdtok.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Mimochodom: ka\u017ed\u00e1 \u017eena star\u0161ia ako 15 rokov m\u00e1 n\u00e1rok na&nbsp;pohmatov\u00e9 a&nbsp;poh\u013eadov\u00e9 vy\u0161etrenie prsn\u00edkov u&nbsp;gynekol\u00f3ga, a&nbsp;to jedenkr\u00e1t za rok. \u017deny nad&nbsp;45 rokov potom raz za dva roky m\u00f4\u017eu bezplatne podst\u00fapi\u0165 mamografick\u00e9 vy\u0161etrenie prsn\u00edkov.<\/p>\n<h2>Prevencia vzniku rakoviny prsn\u00edka<\/h2>\n<p>Je logick\u00e9, \u017ee s&nbsp;niektor\u00fdmi rizikov\u00fdmi faktormi, ako je vek alebo dedi\u010dnos\u0165, nemo\u017eno urobi\u0165 ni\u010d. Na&nbsp;\u010dom v\u0161ak m\u00f4\u017eete sama pracova\u0165, je zdrav\u00e1 \u017eivotospr\u00e1va: str\u00e1\u017ete si, \u010do jete, obmedzte faj\u010denie a&nbsp;pitie alkoholu a&nbsp;zdravo sa h\u00fdbte. Ak m\u00f4\u017eete, neodkladajte zbyto\u010dne tehotenstva a&nbsp;po p\u00f4rode n\u00e1sledne sk\u00faste vydr\u017ea\u0165 doj\u010di\u0165 aspo\u0148 6 mesiacov.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rakovina prsn\u00edka patr\u00ed medzi naj\u010dastej\u0161ie n\u00e1dorov\u00e9 ochorenia \u017eien, ale postihuje aj mu\u017eov. Pri v\u010dasnej lie\u010dbe je tu ve\u013ek\u00e1 n\u00e1dej na&nbsp;\u00fapln\u00e9 vylie\u010denie: nepodce\u0148ujte preto prevenciu, samovy\u0161etrenie ani pravideln\u00e9 kontroly u&nbsp;lek\u00e1ra. Aj napriek mas\u00edvnym osvetov\u00fdm kampaniam st\u00e1le mnoho \u017eien zanedb\u00e1va samovy\u0161etrenie prsn\u00edka, alebo podlieha r\u00f4znym myln\u00fdm inform\u00e1ci\u00e1m: napr\u00edklad, \u017ee rakovinu prsn\u00edka m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 fyzick\u00fd \u00faraz. To samozrejme&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":2865,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3601","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3601","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3601"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3601\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3602,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3601\/revisions\/3602"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2865"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3601"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3601"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3601"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}