R\u00e1dioterapia, alebo inak lie\u010dba o\u017earovan\u00edm, je jedn\u00fdm zo sp\u00f4sobov lie\u010dby onkologick\u00fdch (ale aj niektor\u00fdch neonkologick\u00fdch) ochoren\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Naj\u010dastej\u0161ie b\u00fdva aplikovan\u00e1 v spojen\u00ed s niektor\u00fdm z \u010fal\u0161\u00edch typov lie\u010dby, napr\u00edklad s chirurgick\u00fdm z\u00e1krokom alebo chemoterapiou. V s\u00fa\u010dasnej dobe podst\u00fapi niektor\u00fa z foriem r\u00e1dioterapie pribli\u017ene 50% onkologick\u00fdch pacientov. Lie\u010dba o\u017earovan\u00edm m\u00e1 za \u00falohu bu\u010f n\u00e1dor rovno vylie\u010di\u0165, alebo prinajmen\u0161om zmierni\u0165 \u0165a\u017ekosti, ktor\u00e9 n\u00e1dor sp\u00f4sobuje.<\/p>\n
Po\u010diatky lie\u010dby \u017eiaren\u00edm siahaj\u00fa a\u017e do konca 19. storo\u010dia, presnej\u0161ie do 8. novembra 1895. To bol de\u0148, kedy nemeck\u00fd fyzik Wilhelm Conrad R\u00f6ntgen vo svojom laborat\u00f3riu objavil nov\u00fd, dovtedy nezn\u00e1my druh l\u00fa\u010da. V janu\u00e1ri nasleduj\u00faceho roka predstavil tento svoj objav na sch\u00f4dzi vedeckej spolo\u010dnosti, a fenom\u00e9nu dal meno l\u00fa\u010de X. Vedci ve\u013emi skoro zistili lie\u010debn\u00fd potenci\u00e1l tohto \u017eiarenia, a e\u0161te toho ist\u00e9ho roku bol zaznamenan\u00fd prv\u00fd \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fd pr\u00edpad vylie\u010denia rakoviny za pou\u017eitia o\u017earovania. Pr\u00edpady vylie\u010denia rakoviny prsn\u00edka a ko\u017ee boli medzi prv\u00fdmi \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fdmi experimentmi s terapiou o\u017earovan\u00edm. \u010eal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00fd m\u00ed\u013enik v dejin\u00e1ch r\u00e1dioterapie predstavuje objav man\u017eelov Curiov\u00fdch: gamma \u017eiarenia r\u00e1dia 226. Aj to na\u0161lo vz\u00e1p\u00e4t\u00ed svoje vyu\u017eitie pri lie\u010dbe zhubn\u00fdch n\u00e1dorov\u00fdch ochoren\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Po\u010das nieko\u013ek\u00fdch nasleduj\u00facich rokov sa za\u010dalo na lie\u010dbu pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 ionizuj\u00face \u017eiarenie. Pr\u00edstrojov\u00e1 technol\u00f3gia v\u0161ak v tom \u010dase nebola ani z\u010faleka dokonal\u00e1, \u010do malo za n\u00e1sledok, \u017ee sa do n\u00e1doru nedostalo dostato\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estvo \u017eiarenia. Posun vpred v tomto smere pri\u0161iel a\u017e v 50. rokoch 20. storo\u010dia, kedy sa v klinickej praxi za\u010dali vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 vysokoenergetick\u00e9 kobaltov\u00e9 \u017eiari\u010de. V rovnakom \u010dase nahradili r\u00e1dium 226 tie\u017e bezpe\u010dnej\u0161ie umel\u00e9 r\u00e1dioizotopy, ktor\u00e9 sa zav\u00e1dzali priamo do n\u00e1doru.<\/p>\n
V rovnakom \u010dase, ale na inom kontinente (konkr\u00e9tne v Amerike) sa za pomoci v\u00fdskumn\u00fdch ur\u00fdch\u013eova\u010dov \u010dast\u00edc za\u010dali na lie\u010dbu rakoviny vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 prot\u00f3ny. Prot\u00f3nov\u00e1 lie\u010dba sa st\u00e1va \u010doraz vyh\u013ead\u00e1vanej\u0161ia, preto\u017ee predstavuje ove\u013ea men\u0161iu z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e pre zdrav\u00e9 tkaniv\u00e1 a org\u00e1ny, ako je tomu u konven\u010dnej (fot\u00f3novej) r\u00e1dioterapii. Najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed pokrok svet r\u00e1dioterapie zaznamenal po\u010das posledn\u00fdch 20 rokov, a to nielen v\u010faka dokonalej\u0161iemu pr\u00edstrojov\u00e9mu vybaveniu. Pomocou po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch programov je teraz mo\u017en\u00e1 trojrozmern\u00e1 model\u00e1cia rozlo\u017eenej d\u00e1vky \u017eiarenia. Okrem in\u00e9ho sa tie\u017e v\u00fdrazne zlep\u0161ila \u00farove\u0148 poznania biologick\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dinkov \u017eiarenia, a to ako na bunkovej, tak aj na molekul\u00e1rnej \u00farovni.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
R\u00e1dioterapia, alebo inak lie\u010dba o\u017earovan\u00edm, je jedn\u00fdm zo sp\u00f4sobov lie\u010dby onkologick\u00fdch (ale aj niektor\u00fdch neonkologick\u00fdch) ochoren\u00ed. Naj\u010dastej\u0161ie b\u00fdva aplikovan\u00e1 v spojen\u00ed s niektor\u00fdm z \u010fal\u0161\u00edch typov lie\u010dby, napr\u00edklad s chirurgick\u00fdm z\u00e1krokom alebo chemoterapiou. V s\u00fa\u010dasnej dobe podst\u00fapi niektor\u00fa z foriem r\u00e1dioterapie pribli\u017ene 50% onkologick\u00fdch pacientov. Lie\u010dba o\u017earovan\u00edm m\u00e1 za \u00falohu bu\u010f n\u00e1dor rovno vylie\u010di\u0165, alebo prinajmen\u0161om zmierni\u0165 \u0165a\u017ekosti, ktor\u00e9 n\u00e1dor sp\u00f4sobuje….<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":2933,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3603","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3603","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3603"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3603\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3604,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3603\/revisions\/3604"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2933"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3603"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3603"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptc.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3603"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}